Analytic and Simulation Modeling of Plant-Animal Populations in Russian Tundra

Abstract

This article describes a mathematical modeling method of an ecological biology system; this method uses computers. Hypotheses about the leading mechanisms of fluctuations for tundra animals population’s number are formulated. An analysis of difference and differential equations and their manifestations in the community model “vegetation – lemmings – arctic foxes” and in an individual-oriented model of a lemming population are performed. This method uses research results including a full set of operations, namely from a substantiation of an object choice, a selection and processing of a biological information to the construction of a set of interconnected models. The given approach is used in the analysis of animal fluctuations by means of the tundra community models “vegetation – lemmings – arctic foxes”, “vegetation – reindeer”, and the individual-oriented model of the lemming population.