Analysis-Ready Data from Hyperspectral Sensors—The Design of the EnMAP CARD4L-SR Data Product

Martin Bachmann,Birgit Gerasch,Martin Habermeyer,Emiliano Carmona,Stefanie Holzwarth,Nicole Pinnel,Kevin Alonso,David Marshall,Peter Schwind,Tobias Storch,Mathias Schneider,Maximilian Langheinrich,Miguel Pato,Raquel De Losreyes,Harald Krawczyk

doi:10.3390/rs13224536

Abstract

Today, the ground segments of the Landsat and Sentinel missions provide a wealth of well-calibrated, characterized datasets which are already orthorectified and corrected for atmospheric effects. Initiatives such as the CEOS Analysis Ready Data (ARD) propose and ensure guidelines and requirements so that such datasets can readily be used, and interoperability within and between missions is a given. With the increasing availability of data from operational and research-oriented spaceborne hyperspectral sensors such as EnMAP, DESIS and PRISMA, and in preparation for the upcoming global mapping missions CHIME and SBG, the provision of analysis ready hyperspectral data will also be of increasing interest. Within this article, the design of the EnMAP Level 2A Land product is illustrated, highlighting the necessary processing steps for CEOS Analysis Ready Data for Land (CARD4L) compliant data products. This includes an overview of the design of the metadata, quality layers and archiving workflows, the necessary processing chain (system correction, orthorectification and atmospheric correction), as well as the resulting challenges of this procedure. Thanks to this operational approach, the end user will be provided with ARD products including rich metadata and quality information, which can readily be integrated in analysis workflows, and combined with data from other sensors.

Highlights

With the wide availability of massive optical Earth Observation (EO) data from the ESA Sentinels, the Landsat sensor series, and the increasing availability of spaceborne hyperspectral missions such as DESIS [1], PRISMA [2] and the upcoming EnMAP [3], CHIME [4] and SBG [5] missions, a challenging task is to make this wealth of EO data ready for analysis
In order to facilitate the interoperability of atmospherically corrected Level 2A data products over missions, especially in the context of the ESA Sentinels, initiatives such as the CEOS work towards agreed standards for analysis ready data
When generating Analysis Ready Data (ARD) for datasets acquired by imaging spectrometers, new challenges exist which are attributable to the large number of spectral bands

Summary

Introduction

With the wide availability of massive optical Earth Observation (EO) data from the ESA Sentinels, the Landsat sensor series, and the increasing availability of spaceborne hyperspectral missions such as DESIS [1], PRISMA [2] and the upcoming EnMAP [3], CHIME [4] and SBG [5] missions, a challenging task is to make this wealth of EO data ready for analysis For this purpose, the burden of data pre-processing including orthorectification as well as the compensation of atmospheric influences is handled within the ground segments of the missions, ensuring a high-quality and consistent data processing over the sensor lifetime and beyond. The design of the EnMAP Level 2A Land (L2A) data product is illustrated, describing the required pre-processing steps for the provision of CARD4L compliant data and metadata. The methods and the design of the EnMAP processing chain are described, and the resulting L2A data product is specified

Methods

Results

Conclusion