Analysis on the Chemical Characteristics and Genesis of Drinking Groundwater in Rural Areas of Suihua City, Northeast China

Abstract

People living in the rural areas of Suihua City rely mainly on groundwater. Determining the chemical characteristics of groundwater and its impact on human health is very important to support drinking water safety engineering. We conducted a systematic study of water chemistry and human health by using software such as SPSS, SQLEVAL, MapGIS, and other methods such as statistical analysis, correlation analysis, Shukarev analysis, Piper’s trilinear plot analysis, scale factor analysis, and N.L. Nemerow index analysis. It is concluded that the cation in the groundwater is mainly of calcium type, and the anion is of mixed type of chloride, sulfate, and bicarbonate. The four types of water chemistry that account for greater than 10% of the total are 11-A, 4-A, 8-A, and 22-A. The chemical composition of groundwater is mainly controlled by rock weathering; Na+ and K+ come from rock salt and silicate rock; while Ca2+ and Mg2+ mainly come from carbonate rock. Cation Exchange interaction occurs in shallow groundwater. Fe and Mn in groundwater are mainly influenced by geological and lithological factors, while NO3 − and F− are mainly influenced by anthropogenic activity. This study is of great significance for the management of healthy drinking water in rural areas of Suihua City.