Analysis on Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in ICU Patients with Nosocomial Infection from 2019 to 2021

Abstract

Objective: To understand the pathogenic bacteria isolated from patients and their drug resistance changes in general ICU of the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, so as to provide reference for appropriate selection of antibiotics in clinical practice. Methods: A retrospective investigation was conducted to analyze the bacteriological distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial pathogens isolated from the specimens of hospitalized patients in the comprehensive ICU of the hospital from 2019 to 2021. The US technology BD Phoenix 100 automatic bacterial identification analyzer was used for bacterial identification of the pathogen samples, disk diffusion method was used for drug susceptibility test, and SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the trend of drug resistance. Results: A total of 970 strains of nosocomial pathogens were detected in the three years. The main pathogens were Acinetobacter baumannii (133 strains, 13.71%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (106 strains, 10.93%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (83 strains, 8.56%), Escherichia coli (76 strains, 7.84%) and Enterococcus faecium (69 strains, 7.11%). The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to antibiotics was high. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli had low resistance rates to carbapenems. The situation of bacterial drug resistance is still serious. Conclusion: The drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria collected from Class III Grade A Hospital’s patients to antibiotics was generally high. Therefore, clinical departments should strengthen the inspection of specimens of infection and drug sensitivity test in order to grasp the resistance mechanisms and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria changes, and select appropriate antimicrobial agents according to the test results. Besides, the formation of drug-resistant strains also needs to be prevented, and the treatment of patients with severe infection needs to be improved.