Abstract
This paper presents a multi-agent simulator based on social force model to simulate each passenger’s boarding and alighting behavior both in a train and on a platform seamlessly. Passengers can be divided into three types: to board, alight and stay in train. They have different individual attributes and follow different walking rules. Due to the characteristics of subway environment and passengers' behavior in boarding and alighting, some adjustment and improvement were made to the basic social force model: (1) In some cases during the process of boarding and alighting, the driving force targeting to destination needs to be doubled, and the repulsion force between two agents needs to be reduced. (2) Passengers who stay in the train show quite different movement from the usual pedestrian. They usually want to remain still, unless they are in front of the door. To describe their behaviors, we introduced a tangent detour force. The scope of the interaction between agents is extended and some passengers out of the visual field also should be counted. (3) Divide the repulsive force between an agent and an obstacle into the frontal force and convex corner force. These two forces have different spheres of influence and calculation methods. The agents could exhibit reasonable intelligence and diversity during alighting and boarding.
Highlights
Passengers' boarding and alighting is an inevitable event in a subway system
There is insufficient attention to modeling the process of alighting and boarding. [5] modeled this process by Cellular Automata Model, but the passengers who stay in the car were not taken into consideration
This paper presents a multi-agent simulator based on social force model to simulate each passenger’s boarding and alighting behavior both in a train and on a platform seamlessly
Summary
Passengers' boarding and alighting is an inevitable event in a subway system. With the short departure interval of trains (less than 2 minutes in some lines), limited dwell time and large passenger flow, a well-ordered organization of boarding and alighting is essential to guarantee the trains’ departure without delay. Stage II: A train arrives at the station and the door opens, alighting passengers start to get off while boarding passengers wait in queue beside the door. If a through-standee was located near the door, he would be greatly disturbed by the alighting and boarding passengers For comfort, he would take the initiative to change his position so that other passengers can get on and off smoothly. In case of huge amount of passengers, it may be difficult to get off/on and sometimes passengers need to surge forward to achieve their goals To reflect their strong wishes to get off/on, the desired force should be modified as equation 2 in the following two cases: (1) the desired force of an alighting passenger should be doubled from Stage II until he goes out of the car and leaves the door with a distance of 0.5m. The distance of 0.5m is taken because of the gap between the train and the platform, and the passenger’s body size. (2) The desired force of a boarding passenger should be doubled when he is near the door, that is, in a range of 0.5 m outside the door and 0.125 m inside the door
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