Analysis of wettability and oil-water separation mechanism of superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic mesh based on capillary force model

Abstract

The Frequent oil spills at sea and large discharges of oily wastewater spills seriously jeopardize the ecological environment and lead to an increasing shortage of water resources, so the oil/water separation has become a hot spot of global research. As opposed to the conventional separation method, the membrane separation has received wide attention because of its advantages of green environmental protection, low energy consumption and easy operation. In this paper, Cu(OH)2 mesh with superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties were prepared by in-situ growth method using purple copper mesh as the substrate. Scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle tests were used to evaluate the surface morphology, chemical composition and wetting behavior of the mesh. The results showed that the water contact angle was 0° in air and the contact angle was 155.4° for oil droplets underwater. The membrane exhibited high separation efficiencies (99%) and separation fluxes (3.67-6.54×104 L·m-2·h-1) for the five tested oils under gravity drive. The wettability of the mesh was unaffected after 20 separation experiments. The surface wettability and the oil/water separation mechanism were analyzed using the capillary force-based separation model combined with the Young and Cassie-Baxter equations.