Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) leverages added valued services by the wide spread of connected smart devices. The Swarm Computing paradigm considers a single abstraction layer that connects all kinds of devices globally, from sensors to super computers. In this context, the Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) emerges, spreading out connection to the IoT end devices. With the upsides of long-range, low power and low cost, LPWAN presents major limitations regarding data transmission capacity, throughput, supported packet length and quantity per day limitation. This situation makes LPWAN systems with limited interoperability integrate with systems based on REpresentational State Transfer (REST). This work investigates how to connect web-based IoT applications with LPWANs. The analysis was carried out studying the number of packets generated for a use case of REST-based IoT over LPWAN, specifically the Swarm OS over LoRaWAN. The work also presents an analysis of the impact of using promising schemes for lower communication load. We evaluated Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), Static Context Header Compression (SCHC) and Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) to make transmission over the restricted links of LPWANs possible. The attained results show the reduction of 98.18% packet sizes while using SCHC and CBOR compared to HTTP and JSON by sending fewer packets with smaller sizes.
Highlights
Swarm Computing over LoRaWAN.The Internet of Things (IoT) usually refers to interconnected heterogeneous objects to collect and exchange data, establishing a smart environment [1]
In contrast with the related works, we focus on investigating the communication load studying the header and payload size of packets and the number of packets generated for a use case of REpresentational State Transfer (REST)-based IoT over LowPower Wide-Area Network (LPWAN), the Swarm over LoRaWAN
LPWAN has a constrained Layer 2 (L2) payload size, which is from tens to hundreds of bytes [20]
Summary
The analysis was carried out studying the size and number of packets generated for a use case of REST-based IoT over LPWAN, the Swarm over LoRaWAN. The communication load impact of different schemes of CoAP, SCHC and CBOR for Swarm and LoRaWAN network use cases are evaluated through different approaches:. Analysis results show significant communication load reduction of 98.18% in terms of packet sizes while using SCHC and CBOR compared to HTTP and JSON by sending fewer packets with smaller sizes through the constrained data transmission LoRaWAN.
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