Analysis of vital indicators for different types of anesthesia in newborns and infants with surgical pathology

Abstract

Annotation. In newborns and infants, surgical interventions against the background of severe concomitant and background perinatal pathologies and malformations lead to catabolic stress, circulatory and respiratory disorders, which are reflected in the indicators of vital functions. Given the high risk of severe complications of organ function in the perioperative and postoperative periods, it is advisable to continuously monitor key clinical parameters. Aim of the study – to establish the absolute values of indicators of vital functions in newborns and infants with congenital surgical pathology with various types of combined anesthesia and compare them with clinical data. A retrospective study included 150 newborns and infants with congenital malformations of the surgical profile, depending on the anesthesia (inhalation + regional anesthesia; inhalation + intravenous anesthesia and total intravenous). The parameters of peripheral oximetry, blood pressure, heart rate and respiration were analyzed. It was found that peripheral saturation did not critically decrease at all stages of observation. With the exception of the resulting decrease in the indicator in children of group I compared with group III at the stage of induction into anesthesia (97.79±2.45 versus 98.79±1.63, at p=0.0194, respectively) and at the most painful moment of surgical intervention (96.29±3.47 versus 98.10±2.47, with p=0.0368). In children who received combined intravenous anesthesia with two drugs, there was an increase in mean arterial pressure from the beginning of surgical treatment to the child's recovery after surgery (49.49±10.71, 56.18±8.05, respectively, at p˂0.01). Thus, among the surveyed groups, the most vulnerable were children for whom anesthesia was provided by Sevoflurane inhalation with regional anesthesia. The performed correlation analysis established the effect of anesthesia on the general hemodynamics in children during all stages of observation.