Analysis of urinary organic acids by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for metabolic profiling applications

Abstract

A sensitive, accurate and precise method was developed for the quantification of a large number of organic acids in human urine by GC-MS/MS. The analytes were selected based on their role as key metabolic intermediates; intermediates of Krebs cycle, fatty acid oxidation, glycolysis, down-stream metabolites of neurotransmitter synthesis and degradation, metabolites indicative of nutritional deficiencies, byproducts of microbial activity in the gastrointestinal tract (GI) etc. The most efficient sample preparation protocol was selected based on tests for extraction with different solvents such as MTBE and ethyl acetate under acidic conditions, whereas finally a more general protocol was applied with methanol. Regarding derivatization, methoxyamine with MSTFA, 1% TMCS was applied. The method was extensively validated, including stability study, ensuring accurate determination of the studied organic acids in human urine. Proof of its utility was exhibited in a set of samples from human volunteers. The method can find wide applicability in the context of metabolomics for clinical or nutritional studies.