Abstract
Two-equation turbulence models for velocity and thermal fields are developed to calculate wall shear flows under various pressure gradient conditions and turbulent heat transfer under various wall thermal conditions. In the present models, we make the dissipation rates of both turbulence energy and temperature variance zero at a wall, though the wall limiting behavior of velocity and temperature fluctuations is reproduced exactly. Thus, the models assure computational expediency and convergence. Also, the present models are constructed to properly take into account the effects of pressure gradient on shear layers and of wall thermal conditions on the eddy diffusivity for heat. The models are tested with three typical velocity fields and four typical thermal fields, all of which can be regarded as essential in engineering applications. Agreement with the experiment and the direct simulation data is quite satisfactory.
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