Abstract
Aim: Present study is aimed at determining the analysis of transitional milk of post-natal non-anaemic mothers and its comparison with anaemic mothers in rural Uttar Pradesh.Methods: Totally, 132 post-natal cases were enrolled for the study. After taking ethical committee approval, breast milk samples were collected from day 4 to 11. We measured the following important parameters in breast milk (fat, density, carbohydrates, solid not fat [SNF], protein and added water). Data were analysed by using SPSS-24 software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Tests used in our study were the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, Chi-square test and independent T-test.Result: In our study, it was found that severe anaemia causes significant changes in fat, lactose and protein content of breast milk. We found that there are no significant changes in breast milk composition with age. Our study shows statistically no association between residence and breast milk content.Conclusion: As the severity of anaemia increases, protein and fat content in breast milk decreases, lactose content on the contrary follows a reverse relationship with maternal haemoglobin. Maternal anaemia not only affects the macronutrients in breast milk but also decreases the density of breast milk.
Highlights
The benefits of breastfeeding, provide protection for the health of the infant during the first weeks of life
Maternal anaemia affects the macronutrients in breast milk and decreases the density of breast milk
The result of our study was in contrast to the study conducted by Corbitt et al [10], in which maternal anaemia was associated with a significant increase in protein content in breast milk (p-value 0.001)
Summary
The benefits of breastfeeding, provide protection for the health of the infant during the first weeks of life These are short- or medium-term effects: a highly protective effect on infant mortality, with a 12% decrease in mortality risk compared to non-breastfed [1]; a decrease in respiratory and gastrointestinal infections during the first weeks of life of the newborn [2], probably related to the composition of the colostrum (immature milk for the first three days of life) and breast milk that confers immune protection to the child. Analysis of human milk revealed that it has two components (macronutrients and micronutrients). As in the rural population, it is difficult to get postpartum women back to the hospital again after 1 month for mature milk examination, we have planned our study on transitional milk composition. We planned to analyse the major nutrients and components of transitional milk in anaemic mothers of various severities to know how it is different from the milk of healthy nonanaemic mothers
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