Analysis of Thickness Variation in Biological Tissues Using Microwave Sensors for Health Monitoring Applications

Syaiful Redzwan Mohd Shah,Jacob Velander,Taco Blokhuis,Noor Badariah Asan,Viktor Mattsson,Robin Augustine,Javad Ebrahimizadeh,Mauricio D Perez

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2949179

Abstract

The microwave sensing technique is a possible and attractive alternative modality to standard X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography methods for medical diagnostic applications. This technique is beneficial since it uses non-ionizing radiation and that can be potentially used for the microwave healthcare system. The main purpose of this paper is to present a microwave sensing technique to analyze the variations in biological tissue thickness, considering the effects of physiological and biological properties on microwave signals. In order to fulfill this goal, we have developed a two-port non-invasive sensor system composed of two split ring resonators (SRRs) operating at an Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) frequency band of 2.45 GHz. The system is verified using the amplitude and phase of the transmitted signal in ex-vivo models, representing different tissue thicknesses. Clinical applications such as the diagnosis of muscular atrophy can be benefitted from this study.

Highlights

The outcomes of low muscle mass are often dismal and include more surgical complications, prolonged hospital stays, poorer physical function, lower quality of life, and a reduced lifespan
SIGNAL LOSS ANALYSIS In this subsection, a numerical study is performed to demonstrate that an split ring resonators (SRRs) has the sensing capability with which multilayer tissues can be analyzed
The SRRs are placed above the body tissue, which is a multilayer medium consisting of air, skin, fat, and muscle, to couple the EM signal inside the body tissue

Summary

Introduction

The outcomes of low muscle mass are often dismal and include more surgical complications, prolonged hospital stays, poorer physical function, lower quality of life, and a reduced lifespan. In secondary care such as geriatric and home care, the quality of life of aging people is hampered by a decline in muscle mass, with an increased risk of falling, increased morbidity from diseases, and a decreased life expectancy. A recent systematic review studying populations aged over 50 revealed a prevalence of 1–29 % among. The decline of muscle mass (sarcopenia) is recognized as a significant medical risk factor for mortality and morbidity. Sarcopenia can be prevented or treated by physical activity and nutritional intervention

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