Abstract
To describe the sociodemographic characteristics, functional capacity and vaccination status of older adults, and to verify the factors associated with the incomplete vaccination status and the absence of the vaccination card. Cross-sectional and analytical study conducted with older adults living in the city of Uberaba (MG). The following analyzes were carried out: descriptive, bivariate and multinomial logistic regression (p<0.05). A total of 576 older adults participated. Most of them were women, in the 70-80 age group, with partner, low education and income, living with someone, independent in basic activities of daily living and with partial dependence on instrumental activities. The highest percentage was for older adults who had incomplete vaccination status, especially regarding the absence of immunization for Hepatitis B. Individual monthly income < 1 minimum wage (p=0.002) and single-person housing arrangement (p=0.010) were associated with the incomplete vaccination status, and the absence of the vaccination card, with the lowest level of education (p=0.039). Low income and education, as well as living alone, are factors associated with inadequate vaccination status among older adults in the community. The need for primary care nurses to develop strategies to increase vaccination coverage among older adults with these characteristics is emphasized.
Highlights
The increase in longevity is a global phenomenon, which has occurred differently in several countries
There was a predominance of women (65.3%), in the age group of 60├70 years old (42.5%), who had a partner (45.3%), with 1├5 years of education (45.7%), individual monthly income ≤ 1 (53.6%), living with someone (82.8%), independent in the Basic activities of daily living (BADL) (94.3%) and partially dependents in IADL (68.6%)
The sociodemographic data obtained in this research corroborate national and international studies developed among community older adults, which verified a higher percentage of women[2,9,15,16,17], with a higher age group[9,16], who lived with a partner[2,14,15] and with low income and education[2,15,16]
Summary
The increase in longevity is a global phenomenon, which has occurred differently in several countries. The occurrence of infectious diseases can increase and vaccination becomes essential, since it is the best strategy for coping with immunopreventable infections[2]. In this perspective, the Ministry of Health[3] recommends older adults to be immunized with Hepatitis B vaccines, Diphtheria and Tetanus (dT), Yellow Fever, upon evaluation by the physician for those who are at risk of contracting the disease, and Seasonal Influenza (H1N1). The expansion of knowledge becomes relevant, in view of its contribution to the development of strategies to increase vaccination coverage among older adults
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