Abstract
Gender equality has been one of the goals of the European Union since 1957. Article 157 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union authorizes the European Parliament and the Council to adopt all those measures that guarantee the application of the principle of equality opportunities and equal treatment for men and women in employment and occupation matters. The main goal of this article was to determine whether the use of European Funds by Eurozone countries has made it possible to reduce labor differences in gender matters. To this end, the efficiency levels of the Funds are analyzed in two different periods, 2007 to 2013 and 2014 to 2020. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), a methodology frequently used by researchers in efficiency analyses, was applied. Among the main conclusions obtained are that the efficiency levels from the period 2014 to 2020 have been higher than that obtained in the previous period, but there are significant and persistent differences over time in the levels of gender efficiency between the different countries of the Eurozone.
Highlights
Significant progress has been made in EU Member States in addressing gender inequalities at the legislative level, but the realization of women’s and men’s equal rights in everyday life still faces challenges
Main sources came from the European Regional Development Funds (ERDF), European Social Fund (ESF), Cohesion Fund (CF), European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development
The European Funds as a Mechanism for Reducing Gender Differences A fundamental source of financial resources destined to finance European pr4oojfe1c5ts that consider the dimension of gender equality in the EU comes from the European Funds
Summary
Significant progress has been made in EU Member States in addressing gender inequalities at the legislative level, but the realization of women’s and men’s equal rights in everyday life still faces challenges. The same growth rate is observed in this area, which is mainly due to the increase in the representation of women on the boards of large companies. Such growth applies to a few European countries, such as France, which is the only EU country where the number of women in the governing bodies of companies reaches 40%. Women’s concerns, needs, and expectations, as well as men’s, must be taken into account in policy development and implementation. In this regard, the European Commission adopted in 1996 an approach to integrating gender priorities into policy (gender mainstreaming) (Commission of the European Communities 1996)
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