Abstract
Aim: To compare the type of stress distribution pattern occurring with anatomic and non-anatomic tooth forms beneath a complete denture in both maxillary and mandibular arch. Methodology: A photoelastic model of the edentulous maxillary and mandibular ridge was prepared meticulously to simulate the human mandible and maxilla. Two sets of acrylic teeth with anatomic and non-anatomic occlusal forms were used to fabricate upper and lower dentures. A vertical static load of 100 N was applied through the mandibular model to the maxillary model. After load application on the dentures the photoelastic model as well as the upper and lower complete dentures were sectioned in the midline. The sectioned photoelastic model was viewed through a polariscope to observe the fringe pattern indicating varying amounts of stress distribution. In this study, a two-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis technique was utilized. Results: Force per unit area was observed more in anatomic teeth than the non-anatomic counterpart. Hence anatomic tooth forms may increase the possibility of bone resorption rate over a period of time. However, in non-anatomic lower teeth, a decrease in value was observed from posterior to anterior region. Conclusion: Stress of greater magnitude was observed with cuspal teeth whereas non-anatomic (0°) showed slightly less magnitude of stress. Depending upon the clinical situation the clinician needs to choose the type of occlusal tooth forms for edentulous patients.
Highlights
Once the patient loses his own teeth due to caries, periodontal problems or trauma; the replacement of the lost tooth can be by fixed or removable prosthesis depending on the extent of tooth loss
After load application on the dentures the photoelastic model as well as the upper and lower complete dentures were sectioned in the midline
The sectioned photoelastic model was viewed through a polariscope to observe the fringe pattern indicating varying amounts of stress distribution
Summary
Once the patient loses his own teeth due to caries, periodontal problems or trauma; the replacement of the lost tooth can be by fixed or removable prosthesis depending on the extent of tooth loss. Long edentulous spans can only be replaced by implants or removable prosthesis. In case of a completely edentulous patient who is not able to afford the implant-retained prosthesis the removable complete denture for maxillary and mandibular is the only choice to restore esthetics and function. The plastic non-anatomic tooth forms came into being in the year 1936 followed by the cross-linked acrylic teeth in 1951 [3]. The key research studies included the efficiency of various tooth forms in relation to their masticatory efficiency and effect of forces on residual ridge [4] [5] [6]. Finite element analysis was the main type of study used to detect forces under the complete denture [8]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call