Analysis of the safety of residential buildings under gas explosion loads

Abstract

The phenomenon of a gas explosion, due to its complexity and possible effects, is the subject of numerous analyses. Gas explosions in a confined space can have various consequences both for users and for the structure itself. The aim of this study was to analyse the possibilities of protecting the structure of the building against the gas explosion effect. The analysis was conducted based on two accidents that occurred in residential buildings. In case of gas explosion in a building, it is crucial to mitigate its effect for both users and the structure. Venting of the explosion is highly effective method to protect the structures of buildings. This process is aimed to create semi-open space for flame propagation, which ensures the reduction of the peak pressure value. In residential buildings windows can be potential vent openings. This paper presents a comparison of four different regulations on the geometry of vent openings. The conducted analysis clearly shows that the safety of the structure is determined not only by the size of the vent openings, but also the strength of materials and construction solutions used in the building, which is not considered in any of the analysed regulations. • The backward analysis in assessing the effect of gas explosion in residential building. • Venting is an effective method of protecting structures against the effects of gas explosion. • Comparison of selected regulations for sizing potential vent openings. • Actual venting explosion regulations do not consider the material and construction solutions. • Properly designed vent openings allow to protect the structure of the building.