Analysis of the Role of Parenting and School in Forming Character and Enhancing Student Academic Achievement

Abstract

Background. This research investigates the impact of parenting styles and school environmental factors in shaping students' character and learning outcomes. Its primary goal is to determine the contributions of parenting styles and school environmental elements to student development in character and academic success. Method. This study employs a quantitative descriptive approach, using surveys with questionnaires as the primary data collection tool. Primary data were directly gathered from students through SDN Ujung Menteng and SDN Pulo Gebang observations, involving Grade IV-VI students as the sample. The total number of respondents was 92 students, selected through a proportional stratified random sampling technique. Results. The analysis revealed that parenting styles do not have a direct significant impact on student learning outcomes. However, parenting styles have a positive and significant effect on character formation, significantly influencing learning outcomes. Meanwhile, the school environment was found to have a positive and significant impact on the formation of students' character. This character formation is a primary mediator between parenting styles and student learning outcomes. Conclusion. This study confirms that parenting styles and the school environment are crucial in developing students' character, directly affecting their learning outcomes. These results suggest the importance of a holistic approach involving family and school environments in enhancing students' character formation and academic success. Keywords: Parenting Styles, School Environment, Student Character Formation, Academic Achievement