Analysis of the Relationship between Symptoms, Clinical Diagnosis, and Findings of CT-Scan Images to Pictures of Vertebrobasilar Artery Insufficiency

Abstract

Vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency (VBI) occurs when the blood flow to the posterior circulation of the brain, supplied by the vertebral arteries, becomes inadequate. Frequently, VBI is detected accidentally through CT-Scan in patients who do not show symptoms directly related to this condition. This study highlights the importance of comprehensive evaluation and early screening to improve VBI management. The main objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between clinical symptoms, clinical diagnosis, and CT-Scan findings to enhance diagnostic accuracy and develop more effective treatment strategies. A cross-sectional design was used in this study, with samples obtained from the medical records of patients diagnosed with Vertebrobasilar Artery Insufficiency at Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta between January and April 2023. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test and processed with SPSS software. The patient population was dominated by elderly individuals (73%) and males (60.5%), although these differences were not statistically significant.The findings suggest that VBI symptoms vary based on age, with older patients more likely to exhibit stroke and hemiparesis, while younger patients typically experience headaches and vertigo. Screening for risk factors like cholesterol and blood sugar levels is crucial for patients over 45, whereas younger patients may require additional tests to assess cardiometabolic or hypercoagulation risks. Early detection through age-appropriate screening is vital for preventing serious complications and improving patient outcomes. These findings imply that systematic screening can help identify undiagnosed VBI cases, allowing for timely and more effective medical intervention.