Abstract

In this letter, the underlying factor that leads to the change of path loss exponent n is investigated, using a reasonable and reliable indirect demonstration that is based on the simple two-ray model and a developed multiray model. It is found that the first Fresnel zone is the underlying factor that affects n. n will change only if the situation of the obstacles in the first Fresnel zone changes. The conclusion helps to understand the essences of the propagation.

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