Analysis of the Present Conceptions of Environmental Biology Books in the National Textbook Year 2012, Brazil

Abstract

The analysis of the Styles of Thinking on the Environment, from the perspective of Ludwik Fleck and present in Biology Textbooks, has the aim to investigate the predominant philosophies in which the theme is involved. This paper analyzes the influence of Styles of Thinking about the behavior of the youth while in the process of forming their intellect and educational background. In order to achieve its goal this paper uses the priori methodology categories and other emerging categories from the authors Roque Morales and Maria do Carmo Galiazzi. The priori categories used are Naturalistic, Anthropocentric, Complexity, Autopoietic and Utilitarian. The Naturalistic category has as its main representative Charles Darwin and presents the Environment as natural areas and the protagonists of the species of life and their modifications and adaptations. In the Anthropocentric category the Environment is seen from a scenario that should be at the man's service. Fritjof Capra and François Jacob presents the Complexity category of the Environment where the whole is made of with many meanings and significance. In South America Humberto Maturana through the Autopoietic category demonstrates that the whole is more than the sum of its parts and in order to understand life one must know the whole. The last category is called Utilitarian, since the Environment is considered to be a place to supply raw materials to feed the production system led by Capitalism. Thus, this paper has the aim to make the reader reflect on the various perspectives on the Environment and its implications for the present and future generations.