Abstract
The near-field scattering of a Rayleigh wave at a surface crack is analyzed with analytical and numerical calculations complemented by detailed experimental observations. These investigations are directed towards the development of inversion schemes for surface crack sizing in mechanical components. The near-field analysis is based on a procedure that allows filtering the Rayleigh wave from the other wave modes scattered at the defect. Pointwise measurements of the out-of-plane displacement using a laser interferometer lead to a complete displacement field image in the crack near field with high spatial resolution. The numerical calculations are compared with the analytical solution and the experimental data in order to validate specific crack modeling approaches and to identify parameters for surface crack characterization. The evaluation is carried out with respect to the stress fields at the crack tip, the surface displacement near field, Rayleigh wave transmission and reflection coefficients, and the time delay of Rayleigh wave transmission. The latter appears as the most suitable parameter for crack characterization due to the relative insensitivity of the measured values on the variability of the experimental conditions. The results of the present work also highlight differences between the scatterings at cracks and narrow slots (“artificial cracks”).
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