Analysis of the Measurement Error From a Low-Cost Ultrasonic Sensor

Abstract

This study analyzes the error within a low-cost range-finding device known as the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor and compares it to what manufacturer datasheets claim as the error measurement in the sensor’s readings. The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor is a device that is capable of determining the distance between itself and an object in front of it by using sound waves that reflect off of the object. These sound waves are ultrasonic waves, which have a frequency that cannot be heard by human ears. Common uses for this sensor are motion tracking, object detection, and state estimation – all common capabilities of robots today. This sensor offers an inexpensive option for range-finding which has extensive applications towards the field of mechatronics and robotics; however, there is a major drawback in using this device – the error of its measurements. This error will be analyzed through the distance readings from the HC-SR04 sensor in comparison to the true distance measurements as well as the possible error variation present when the distance from the sensor increases.