Abstract
The object of research is gas-dynamic vortex processes in heterogeneous polydisperse flows. One of the most problematic issues is the determination of the aerodynamic characteristics of the components of a heterogeneous polydisperse medium, which are necessary to create a mathematical model of the separation process. The study used methods of mathematical modeling based on the theory of similarity. A technique has been developed for assessing the aerodynamic parameters of mixture components, on the basis of which a number of aerodynamic similarities have been compiled. The coefficients of lift, aerodynamic drag, lateral force, longitudinal, transverse and rotational moments of the components of the grain mixture are obtained. This is necessary for theoretical studies of gas-dynamic processes in vortex separators in unsteady three-dimensional flow with variable flow density, concentration and flow rate of the separated mixture components and the carried fractions. The Reynolds vibration criterion is obtained, based on which the trajectories and energy of the vortex motion of individual components and the separation degree of heterogeneous mixtures are determined. This allows to improve the mathematical model of the distribution process of heterogeneous polydisperse mixtures in the proposed energy-saving vortex separators. The obtained results provide the basis for improving the general theory of heterogeneous vortex flows by introducing an external disturbance criterion that takes into account the drag of the vortex force field and the amplitude-frequency energy level. Thanks to this, it is possible to evaluate the influence of any argument in the desired function. The research results make it possible to automate the analysis of process characteristics and compare them by parameters with experimental data. And also to evaluate the correspondence of dynamic, kinematic and gas-dynamic functions calculated from the given geometric parameters of the vortex devices with the functions obtained from the averaged values. These data makes it possible to work out a range of variations in the parameters of the geometric design of vortex apparatuses by zones, parameters at the inlet, outlet, and degrees of separation, minimize the number of manufactured laboratory and semi-industrial vortex apparatuses, and unify a number of units. Compared with similar known separators, vortex apparatuses are proposed that reduce the cost of preparing raw materials in the grain mill area by a factor of tens due to the elimination of moving working parts, assemblies and screens.
Highlights
The development of the theory of optimization of heat and mass transfer of heterogeneous vortex flows for sepa ration of the components of the mixture is relevant, as it allows to solve an important economic problem of energy saving and environmental improvement
A technique has been developed for assessing aerody namic parameters based on the similarity of the natural components that make up the heterogeneous mixture and the models made in size, density and roughness on a scale of 43:1, based on which a series of aerodynamic similarities was first compiled
According to the results of blowing models of components in a small wind tunnel equipped with an aerodynamic three-component balance, the data obtained to determine the drag, longitudinal moment and lifting force
Summary
The development of the theory of optimization of heat and mass transfer of heterogeneous vortex flows for sepa ration of the components of the mixture is relevant, as it allows to solve an important economic problem of energy saving and environmental improvement. Comprehensive studies of the separation of heteroge neous mixtures show that the main characteristics of vor tex separators, such as efficiency and clarity, do not always meet the requirements of technological processes [3, 4]. This is primarily due to the fact that the separated mix tures consist of components that vary widely in particle size distribution, density, aerodynamic parameters, criti cal speeds, concentration, etc. The object of research is gas-dynamic vortex processes in heterogeneous polydisperse flows. The aim of research is to improve the general theory of separation of heterogeneous polydisperse flows
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