Analysis of the Impact of Drought Characteristics Change on Natural Ecological Environment in the West of Hexi Corridor

Abstract

The plant communities and wild animals in the Gobi desert outside the oases in the west of Hexi Corridor are an indispensable and important part of the human living environment. Affected by global warming, the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of precipitation have changed significantly. This article uses daily precipitation data from 6 hydro-logical stations in the middle and lower reaches of the Shule River Basin from 1957 to 2018, and daily precipitation data from 3 meteorological stations from 1980 to 2018. Through research on annual scale precipitation anomaly percentage, effective precipitation days and annual distribution, and drought station frequency ratio and other parameters, it is shown that there is a significant change in precipitation distribution within the year. The distribution of effective precipitation is not conducive to the survival of ecosystems, and seasonal drought is on the rise. The trend of continuous drought in two seasons and three seasons is on the rise, and the evolution of drought has a significant impact on the natural ecological environment. Effective rainfall is a key element in the rise and fall, distribution, and change of natural ecosystems. Studying the impact of changes in drought characteristics on natural ecology is of great significance for actively responding to drought disasters and maintaining basic ecology.