Analysis of the imрact of foreign ecocomiс factors on the develoрment of transit transрort in the territorу of The EEU

Abstract

Globalization of world markets, the formation of global supply chains, current economic trends allow us to count on further growth in world trade. The main challenge to the transport complex of the EAEU is the realization of the possibilities for reorienting part of the transported goods between the largest world markets for transportation through the territory of the EAEU. It should be noted that the attraction of transit freight traffic will remain relevant even with a decrease in world trade due to any economic changes, as it is not only about attracting additional freight traffic due to an increase in trade volumes, but also the redistribution of the structure of the existing freight traffic due to an increase in the share of the EAEU. All EAEU member states are interested in developing the transit transport market in Europe-Asia traffic and vice versa. Considering that almost all transit is container traffic, container rail transport will be mainly considered. The transportation of containers by road was not considered in the framework of the preparation of the report, due to the practical absence of such transportation across the Union from one external border to another. The existing container transportation by road is mainly a component of multimodal transportation, one of the links along with rail and water transportation. The task of the EAEU is to ensure an increase in transit traffic between the PRC and the EU, following the land route through the territory of the Union. The transit route from China to Europe through the Union has several advantages: it is faster than the sea route via the Suez Canal and cheaper than air transportation from China to Europe. Thus, there are all the prerequisites for the reorientation of part of the cargo flow to transportation through Eurasian transit corridors. The main share of container transportation in the world is in maritime transport. Due to its characteristics, maritime transport will continue to play a key role in the Europe-Asia transport market. However, there are two factors that are currently pushing for the diversification of communications and the opening of new land connections between Europe and Asia.