Abstract
A method of analyzing the energy spectra of fast electrons behind barriers using a betatron and a magnetic beta-spectrometer is described. The fundamental parameters of the apparatus are given. Measurements of the energy distributions of electrons traveling in a forward direction behind barriers of thickness up to 500 mg/cm2 are reported. The range of thicknesses for electron kinetic energies of 1–6 MeV in which the experimental and theoretical results agree is established. For a comparative description of the results for different barriers, the effective atomic number of the barrier material for ionization processes is used. The connection between the barrier thickness, its effective atomic number, the initial electron energy, and the parameters of the secondary distribution is established. The extent to which the crystal structure affects the deformation of the energy spectrum of the electrons behind barriers of single crystals of alkalihalide salts is estimated.
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