Analysis of the Bottom-Up Review (BUR) and Recommendations to the Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR) Panel.

Abstract

Abstract : In light of the significant changes in the international security environment resulting from the dissolution of the Soviet Union and declining resources available for defense needs, the Department of Defense (DoD) has examined U.S. defense strategy, force levels, and budgetary requirements for the post-Cold War era. In 1991, President Bush presented a defense plan reflecting a shift in U.S. strategy from preparing for a global war in Europe against the Soviet Union to preparing for major regional conflicts against uncertain adversaries. The structure from this defensive plan became known as the base force until the Clinton Administration took over in 1993. Once again the DoD reviewed the nation's defense strategy, force structure, modernization, infrastructure, foundations, and resources needed for the post-Cold War ear. Their efforts produced a document called the Bottom-Up Review (BUR) which continued to focus on regional threats; however, it de-emphasized the possibility of a re-emerging Soviet threat. In its place, the BUR came up with a two major regional contingency (MRC) strategy. This paper analyzes the BUR with particular focus on its shortfalls. The paper further outlines several recommendations the Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR) panel should consider which will produce the appropriate changes that reflect the world of today, not yesterday.