Abstract
The results of tests to examine the Betterton-Kroll process for the removal of bismuth from lead bullion using calcium and magnesium are presented. The ratio of the masses of the two metals may be optimized to achieve minimum process cost. Losses of the metals in the process are attributed mainly to attrition during dissolution in the bullion. Recontamination of the bullion by bismuth is attributed to contact with residual crusts during bailing. Recycling of crust material does achieve enrichment in bismuth. Concentrations of bismuth, calcium and magnesium in the bullion at ˜320°C give a value of the solubility product in close agreement with published data.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
