Abstract
Six pieces of Sakhalin-Ainu lacquerware were analyzed by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to determine the lacquer source. In the direct Py-GC/MS, 3-heptylphenol (P7) and 3-pentadecylphenol (P15) were detected in the mass chromatograms at m/z = 108, and palmitic acid and stearic acid were detected at m/z = 60 in the mass chromatograms of all pieces of Sakhalin-Ainu lacquerware, implying that drying oil was added to sap collected from a Toxicodendron vernicifluum lacquer tree to prepare the lacquer. The energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence results showed that the component ratio of base ground powder was similar to that of Aizu and Joboji lacquerwares, and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results showed that Sakhalin-Ainu lacquerwares used persimmon tannin in the base ground powder like Joboji lacquerwares, suggesting that Sakhalin-Ainu lacquerwares were produced in Joboji, Japan. Based on these results, the production district, history, and culture of the Sakhalin-Ainu lacquerwares are discussed.
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