Analysis of Risk Factors for Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events by Carotid Artery Ultrasound

Abstract

<i>Objective</i>: Analysis of risk factors for ischemic cerebrovascular events using carotid artery ultrasound. <i>Method</i>: A total of 3500 patients who underwent carotid ultrasound examination at the encephalopathy department of our hospital from March 2022 to March 2023 were selected as the study subjects. 1731 males and 1846 females; the age ranged from 20 to 95 years, with an average of 61.48 ± 12.55 years. All patients were divided into age groups under 40 years of age, 41-60 years of age, and over 60 years of age. According to carotid ultrasound results, the study subjects were divided into normal carotid ultrasound, stenosis rate<50%, and stenosis rate ≥ 50%. To observe the incidence of carotid stenosis, compare the differences in the degree of carotid stenosis among patients of different ages and diseases, and use logistic regression analysis to analyze the influencing factors of carotid artery stenosis and predict the risk of ischemic cerebrovascular events. <i>Result</i>: Of the 3500 patients, 2609 had carotid stenosis, with a detection rate of 74.54%. Among them, the carotid stenosis rate was less than 50% in 2472 cases, and the stenosis rate was ≥ 50% in 137 cases; the positive rate was 74.54%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking history and cerebral infarction were independent risk factors for carotid artery stenosis (<I>P</I><0.05). <i>Conclusion</i>: Early carotid ultrasound screening and regular reexamination in high-risk stroke populations are necessary. Constructing a logistic regression model based on high-risk factors can predict the risk of cerebrovascular events as early as possible, providing a reliable basis for timely formulation of prevention and treatment measures in clinical practice. There are many factors influencing cerebrovascular events. Regular monitoring of blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood lipids, and determination of arterial stenosis by carotid ultrasound to predict cerebrovascular events are of great significance for the prevention and treatment of stroke high-risk populations. At the same time, attention should be paid to young people, and correctable risk factors should be identified in a timely manner for early intervention to minimize the risk of stroke in asymptomatic populations.