Analysis of promising methods of irrigation and melioration techniques of crops in arid climate

Abstract

The paper discusses the problems of optimal regulation of soil water regime under crops. In particular, the water regime of the soil and the experience of irrigation of crops in the conditions of the arid climate of the Lower Volga region are analyzed and promising methods of irrigation and irrigation techniques of crops, including potatoes, are also considered. The conducted research allows us to analyze and summarize the accumulated experience of growing potatoes under irrigation conditions, as well as formulate a number of General provisions for improving the efficiency of reclamation in a dry climate. In addition, studies have shown that despite the high price of irrigation systems, the use of sprinkling is cost-effective in the Southern regions of Russia, where the temperature factor is one of the reasons for the decline in the potato crop. In contrast to mobile machines, stationary sprinkler irrigation systems provide flexible regulation of the irrigation rate and optimal watering frequency. It is noted that another important advantage of sprinkler irrigation is the possibility of using it for processing crops with direct and systemic pesticides. Observations made in experiments have shown that the use of pesticides and sprinkler irrigation makes it possible to virtually eliminate the possibility of various diseases in plants.