Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of sprinkler irrigation on fieldmicroclimate, yield and water use efficiency during winter wheat growing period from Oct. 27, 2000 toJune 8, 2001 in Yucheng Comprehensive Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Theexperiment results show that sprinkler irrigation affects the air temperature and humidity near cropcanopy not only at the sprinkler day but also during the whole sprinkler irrigation season. The effectof sprinkler irrigation on temperature and vapour pressure is more significant during daytime. Airtemperature inversion appears for a very long time and air temperature is decreased sharply nearcanopy under sprinkler irrigation condition. Vapor pressure is enhanced under sprinkler irrigationcondition. The average vapor pressure under sprinkler irrigation condition is 1.42, 1.01, 1.36 and1.20 mb higher than that under surface irrigation condition at heights of 1, 2, 3 and 4 m, respectively.Diurnal soil temperature amplitude under sprinkler irrigation condition is smaller than that under surface irrigation condition at ground surface. The temperature amplitude decreases sharply asdepth increases under both sprinkler irrigation and surface irrigation conditions. The average soiltemperature difference between sprinkler irrigation and surface irrigation is not significant atground surface. However, soil temperature under sprinkler irrigation condition is higher than thatunder surface irrigation when it is deeper than 5 cm. Cumulative water surface evaporationmeasured using 20 cm standard pan on the top of canopy from April 1 to June 4 under sprinklerirrigation is 355.7 mm, which is 42.5 mm lower than that under surface irrigation condition. Total wateruses during winter wheat growing period were 436.5 and 459.4 mm under both sprinkler irrigationand surface irrigation conditions, respectively. However, the winter wheat yield under sprinklerirrigation is 6430 kg.ha-1, and it is 4455 kg.ha-1 under surface irrigation condition. Water useefficiency (WUE) of winter wheat in sprinkler irrigation field is 1.47 kg.m-3 while it is 0.97 kg.m-3 undersurface irrigation condition. WUE under sprinkler irrigation condition is higher than that under surfaceirrigation condition about 52%.

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