Analysis of problems in implementing and evaluating the effectiveness of scientific and technical programs of the full innovation cycle

Abstract

The subject of the research is complex scientific and technical programs (CSTP) of the full innovation cycle. The goal is to analyze the problems of implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of the CSTP and develop proposals for adjusting the mechanisms for their implementation based on content analysis and comparative analysis methods. The article considers the main CSTP, which is one of the key mechanisms for implementing the Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the readiness levels of technologies at each stage of the innovation cycle as a key evaluation criterion that characterizes the compliance of a particular technology with the level of its maturity from the idea to mass production (full innovation cycle). There are three groups of problems that make it difficult to implement the CSTP: organizational, motivational, and financial-distributive. Among the organizational problems, there are problems related to the imperfection of regulatory legal acts, in particular, the lack of the concept of CSTP in the Budget code of the Russian Federation, and lack of mechanisms for implementing CSTP at the level of interaction between management entities development and implementation of the CSTP. The analysis of motivational problems considers criteria for evaluating applications in competitive selection and target indicators of project performance for some scientific areas of the CSTP implementation - agro-industrial complex, digital platforms and software products, priority electronic components and radio-electronic equipment, etc. There was analyzed their focus on obtaining a macroeconomic result and compliance with the goals of the CSTP. It is shown financial and distribution problems of CSTP implementation is that the distribution mechanisms of funds for the implementation stages of the CSTP are not based on the success criteria that characterize achievement of the maximum macroeconomic effect of CSTP as a whole. The ideology of sequential transformation of the results of different stages of scientific activity, which are stages of the full innovation cycle, and the assessment of the macroeconomic efficiency of the CSTP, proposed earlier in the authors' works, is not fully applied in the management of programs of the full innovation cycle. To solve the considered problems of implementing the CSTP, there were proposed ways to improve the criteria for evaluating programs at the application stage and indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of the CSTP, taking into account the main goal of the CSTP to obtain macroeconomic results.