Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the possibility of obtaining recombinant inbred wheat lines more resistant to preharvest sprouting, independently of colour genes, in three red-grained Brazilian wheat populations. The results showed statistical significance among lines within all populations, which presented a normal distribution and transgressive segregation for preharvest sprouting. The normal distribution of the lines from all red-grained populations suggests that sprouting, excluding the genes expressing seed coat pigmentation, is, probably, controlled by many genes. These findings also indicate that it may be possible to improve resistance to preharvest sprouting, independently of the colour genes.
Highlights
Rainfalls prior to or during harvest induce the germination process in the already physiologically ripe kernel (Derera, 1989)
The first graph shows the average of all generations/years over the three different populations together
The other three graphs show the average of all generations/years by population, PGOC, FNOC and IAOC, respectively
Summary
Rainfalls prior to or during harvest induce the germination process in the already physiologically ripe kernel (Derera, 1989). When the non-dormant kernel is exposed to water, and imbibition takes place, the germination process commences. Germination triggers a sequence of physiological processes, which, among others, includes the release of a number of plant hormones and hydrolytic enzymes. Considering a somewhat simplified process, the hormonal activity of gibberellic acid (GA), in the imbibed grain, will increase and induce synthesis and secretion of amylases. Due to the increased amylase activity, the carbohydrate reserves will be hydrolysed. When preharvest sprouting (PHS) occurs, there are serious consequences for the processing industries. A breakdown of the kernel protein and starch starts, which eventually degrades the kernel quality characteristics and renders the affected crop unsuitable for processing
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