Analysis of Personality Conflicts of The Characters in The Novel Az-Zayni Barakat by Jamal Al-Ghithanii (A Study of Sigmund Freud's Literary Psychoanalysis)

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Personality conflict using a literary psychology approach is a way to study the behavior of characters in a literary work. With psychological science, readers will explore the mental state of the characters in the literary work. This novel tells the story of Zayni Barakat, a prominent Egyptian muhtasib who also served as governor of Cairo at the end of the Mamluk dynasty. In the Mamluk era, a muhtasib was not only authorized to control the market situation, but also to monitor the behavior and morals of the people. And as governor, in the midst of a chaotic political and security situation, he controlled the corrupt city through a network of spies and whistleblowers. Zayni Barakat was a pious and praiseworthy leader, honest and just, wise and with integrity, strong and decisive, disciplined and effective. He was much loved by his people. His partiality to the people is evident from his indiscriminate attitude towards the rich and the poor as well as the strong and the weak; he is also not reluctant to communicate directly with the small people, something that was impossible for any leader to do before. The descriptive method of analysis is carried out by describing the facts which are then followed by analysis. Etymologically descriptive analysis means describing based on Sigmund Freud's personality theory, it can be grouped into three parts, namely the conflict between id and ego, id and superego, and ego and superego. the conflict between id and ego is a conflict that occurs between the desires of an individual with rationality, the existing reality. The characters who experience conflict between id and ego are Vizcounti Gianti, Zayni Barakat, Attar, Zakariyya bin Radi and Amr bin al-Adawi.