Abstract
In this study, tests were carried out on a brushless permanent magnet DC motor with different winding configurations. Three configurations were compared: star, delta and combined star–delta. A mathematical model was constructed for the motor, taking into account the different winding configurations. An analysis of the operation of the motor in the different configurations was performed, based on numerical calculations. The use of different winding configurations affects the properties of the motor. This is significant in the case of the occurrence of various fault states. Based on numerical calculations, an analysis of an open-circuit fault in one of the phases of the motor was performed. Fast Fourier Transform—FFT analysis of the artificial neutral-point voltage was used for the detection of fault states. The results were verified by tests carried out under laboratory conditions. It was shown that the winding configuration has an impact on the behaviour of the motor in the case of an open circuit in one of the phases. The classical star configuration is the worst of the possible arrangements. The most favourable in this respect is the delta configuration. In the case of the combined star–delta configuration, the consequences of the fault depend on the location of the open circuit.
Highlights
Brushless motors with permanent magnets offer the most efficient conversion of electrical energy
In drive systems that are not required to operate with flux weakening, it is possible to use six-step commutation [4,5], which is simpler to implement than the vector control of PMSMs [6,7]
In some cases, to obtain a more favourable torque-to-volume ratio, a delta configuration is used. This type of winding configuration is successfully used in motors designed for small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
Summary
Brushless motors with permanent magnets offer the most efficient conversion of electrical energy. In sensorless rotor position detection systems for brushless permanent magnet motors, the neutral-point voltage is used [15]. This can be used in diagnostics of the operation of Energies 2020, 13, 5321; doi:10.3390/en13205321 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies. In the case of a star winding configuration, for diagnostic purposes, the neutral point the system windings is derived [18]. This is the mostforfavourable of aofdrive [16,17]. Results of laboratory tests are presented (line currents, efficiencyofand levelsharmonics of vibrations andneutral-point noise) for symmetrical operation andcharacteristics, for the analysed fault contents higher of the voltage, torque–speed overall state. Efficiency and levels of vibrations and noise) for symmetrical operation and for the analysed fault state
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