Analysis of nutrient composition and phytochemicals of wild yams Dioscorea pentaphylla L. and Dioscorea oppositifolia Griseb.

Singaravelan Vivek,Segar Prakash

doi:10.21472/bjbs.051019

Abstract

Yam is common name for the genus Dioscorea and considered as good sources of essential dietary nutrients. It has nutritional superiority over the tropical root crops. Understanding the nutritional values of yams, the nutrient contents of two yams, Dioscorea pentaphylla and Dioscorea oppositifolia have been analysed in the present study. During the study, the higher amount of moisture, crude protein, nitrogen, free sugars and buffer protein were estimated and analysed. The rich carbohydrate and calorific value, higher amount of fat and amino acids were observed in D. pentaphylla as compared to D. oppositifolia. The crude fiber and ash contents were comparatively higher in D. oppositifolia. Preliminary phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenol, reducing sugars, saponins, steroids, tannins and triterpinoids in methanolic extract of both tubers.

Highlights

Inflammation is the reaction of living tissues to injury, infection or irritation
Lysosomal enzymes released during inflammation produce a variety of disorders which leads to the tissue injury by damaging the macromolecules and lipid peroxidation of membranes which are assumed to be responsible for certain pathological conditions as heart attacks, septic shocks, and rheumatoid arthritis etc
human red blood cell membrane (HRBC) or erythrocyte membrane is analogous to the lysosomal membrane and its stabilization implies that the extract may as well stabilize lysosomal membranes

Summary

Introduction

Inflammation is the reaction of living tissues to injury, infection or irritation. Lysosomal enzymes released during inflammation produce a variety of disorders which leads to the tissue injury by damaging the macromolecules and lipid peroxidation of membranes which are assumed to be responsible for certain pathological conditions as heart attacks, septic shocks, and rheumatoid arthritis etc. Stabilization of lysosomal membrane is important in limiting the inflammatory response by inhibiting the release of lysosomal constituents of activated neutrophil such as bactericidal enzymes and proteases, which cause further tissue inflammation and damage upon extra cellular release or by stabilizing the lysosomal membrane (Vadivu and Lakshmi, 2008). Stabilization of human red blood cell membrane (HRBC) by hypotonicity induced membrane lysis can be taken as an in-vitro measure of anti-inflammatory activity of the drugs or plant extracts. Stabilization of human red blood cell membrane (HRBC) by hypotonicity induced membrane lysis can be taken as an in-vitro measure of anti-inflammatory activity of the drugs or plant extracts. (Sree Kumara et al, 2015)

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Conclusion