Abstract
Abstract This research concerns the complex problem of morphological transformations of villages in the intra-urban area (i.e. settlements incorporated into acity), as well as the suburban area, using the example of the metropolitan area of Łódź, Poland. The main aim of the research was to analyse the diversity of selected rural settlements and their spatial changes after World War II.. The study was based on preserved historical maps and today’s plans. An analysis of morphological changes of selected villages was conducted using graph theory methods. It was noticed that the graph development index should depend on the relative number of edges in relation to the number of nodes and the number of graph cycles, which express the degree of complexity of a settlement unit. Three main groups of villages, characterised by different scales of morphological transformations, were distinguished as a result of the study. Settlement units with orthomorphic transformations, where all spatial modifications were mainly additive and the initial layouts have been preserved almost completely, represent the first group of villages. The second group is composed of units with semi-metamorphic transformations, where the spatial reorganization was significant, but not total. The third group includes villages with metamorphic changes, where the initial layouts have been totallytransformed.
Highlights
Introduction of the cartographic materialsThe intensification of the suburbanisation processes in villages in theThe aim of this article is to identify the main vicinity of Łódź has been observed after World directions of morphological transformations to which War II, and was accompanied by clear territorial the villages located in the Łódź metropolitan area development
This research concerns the complex problem of morphological transformations of villages in the intra-urban area, as well as the suburban area, using the example of the metropolitan area of Łódź, Poland
The analyses concerning changes in the of former rural settlements in the peripheral zone spatial arrangement of buildings were made using a of Łódź, which were successively incorporated method based on graphtheory
Summary
Graph theory was used to analyse the morphological changes to which the villages incorporated into Łódź after World War II and currently located in the suburban area of the city were subjected to during the last century. On the basis of topographic maps, graphs were made for all spatial units in both studied periods (in the 1930s and currently) This was followed by comprehensive statistical analyses, including counting the number of nodes, edges and cycles for all villages in both periods (Table 1). Several basic assumptions were taken into account when designing the new graph development index It must take into account the relative number of edges in relation to the number of nodes (β-indicator), the number of cycles that show the complexity of the spatial layout and are typical of the urban landscape, and the average rank of nodes in the graph, which in turn expresses the complexity of the street network. Zofiówka and Maciejów were typical linear villages, while Sokolniki had the form of a dispersed settlement (FIGLUS, 2016)
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