Abstract
The mining waste of open pit mines is usually piled-up in dump sites, making a man-made hill more than tens of meters high. Because of the loose structure of the dump sites, landslides or debris flow may occur after heavy rainfall, threatening local lives and properties. Therefore, dump stability analysis is crucial for ensuring local safety. In this paper, a collaborative stability analysis based on multiple remote sensing technologies was innovatively conducted at the Xudonggou dump of the Anqian iron mine. A small baseline subset (SBAS) analysis was used to derive the spatial and temporal distributions of displacements in the line-of sight (LOS) over the whole study area. The deformation in LOS is translated to the slope direction based on an assumption that displacements only occur parallel to the slope surface. Infrared Thermography (IRT) technology was used to detect weak aquifer layers located at the toe of possible landslide bodies. Then, numerical simulations based on the limit equilibrium method were conducted to calculate the factor of safety for three profiles located on the dump site. The results, emerging from multiple remote sensing technologies, were very consistent and, eventually, the landslide hazard zone of the Xudonggou dump site was outlined.
Highlights
Significant amounts of fragmented waste rock and loose top soil are excavated and piled at a certain site during the mining process, making up to several large man-made dumps with heights of more than one hundred meters [1]
According to the above principle, aquifer layers formed by water-containing sand could be detected using Infrared Thermography (IRT)
A collaborative analysis of the stability of the Xudonggou dump innovatively combined small baseline subset (SBAS), IRT, total station measurements and numerical simulation based on the Limit equilibrium (LE) method
Summary
Significant amounts of fragmented waste rock and loose top soil are excavated and piled at a certain site during the mining process, making up to several large man-made dumps with heights of more than one hundred meters [1]. As an important complement to traditional ground survey methods, synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) has become a popular tool for large area displacement monitoring, especially with the rapid development of time series InSAR (TS-InSAR) algorithms such as permanent scatterers interferometry (PSI), small baseline subset (SBAS) analysis [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16] It has widespread applications and has been utilized to measure deformation with promising accuracy, it remains difficult to overcome the limitations of 1-D line-of-sight (LOS) measurements caused by the intrinsic side-looking geometry of SAR sensors [15]. Since ground displacements generally happen in both horizontal and vertical directions, how to translate the 1-D LOS measurements to the real displacements of the ground targets is a key problem plaguing the successful application of TS-InSAR technology
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