Abstract
Premature battery drain, swelling and fires/explosions in lithium-ion batteries have caused wide-scale customer concerns, product recalls, and huge financial losses in a wide range of products including smartphones, laptops, e-cigarettes, hoverboards, cars, and commercial aircraft. Most of these problems are caused by defects which are difficult to detect using conventional nondestructive electrical methods and disassembly-based destructive analysis. This paper develops an effective computed tomography (CT)-based nondestructive approach to assess battery quality and identify manufacturing-induced defects and structural deformations in batteries. Several unique case studies from commercial e-cigarette and smartphone applications are presented to show where CT analysis methods work.
Highlights
Lithium-ion battery technology, first commercialized in 1991, has become popular for energy storage due to its higher energy density, higher voltage, and less required maintenance compared to other battery technologies
This paper provides a review of applications of computed tomography (CT) scans in lithium-ion battery failure analysis and demonstrate, the application of CT scans for detecting manufacturing-induced defects and structural deformations in lithium-ion batteries
Nondestructive methods play an important role in providing information on possible battery failure sites and causes without destroying the battery
Summary
Lithium-ion battery technology, first commercialized in 1991, has become popular for energy storage due to its higher energy density, higher voltage, and less required maintenance compared to other battery technologies. Destructive and nondestructive analysis methods are used at various points in a battery’s lifetime to investigate battery failure causes. Destructive methods are unacceptable for quality control assessment associated with battery fabrication and production because the battery cannot be used after analysis [12]; and disassembly of the battery can alter or destroy the original failure causes or battery defects. Electrical testing methods, including capacity test [13], incremental capacity analysis (ICA) [14], and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) [15], are the conventional nondestructive techniques to provide inferences for possible battery failure causes and mechanisms. The EIS method provides understanding of the evolution of physical processes inside batteries, which can help in identifying the failure mechanisms These electrical testing methods require a working battery and careful consideration if the battery poses safety concerns.
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