Analysis of Macronutrient Intake and the Incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in Pregnant Women in Stunting Village, Argamakmur Sub-District, North Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Province

Abstract

Background: The nutritional requirements of pregnant women significantly rise compared to their non-pregnant state, and failing to meet these heightened needs can lead to the development of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED). This study was designed to investigate macronutrient intake and the prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women residing in the Stunting Village area of Argamakmur Sub-District, North Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Province. Materials/Methods: This study was of a quantitative nature, employing a cross-sectional design. The population comprised all 165 pregnant women in Argamakmur Sub-District, North Bengkulu Regency, with a sample of 60 pregnant women selected through cluster sampling techniques. Data collection involved the use of a 3 x 24-hour food recall questionnaire. The analysis of the data was performed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods. Result: The findings of this study indicated that over 50% of pregnant women had insufficient carbohydrate intake (56.7%), and 50% had inadequate protein intake, while 58.3% had deficient fat intake. There was a significant relationship between carbohydrate intake and the occurrence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women, as well as between protein intake and CED in pregnant women. Similarly, there was a significant relationship between fat intake and the incidence of CED in pregnant women in Argamakmur Sub-District, North Bengkulu Regency, with a p-value less than 0.05. Conclusion: Carbohydrate intake, protein intake, and fat intake are all associated with the occurrence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women. This underscores the importance of enhancing health services to provide nutritional education concerning maternal dietary intake during pregnancy. Such efforts aim to ensure that pregnant women consistently consume food that aligns with their nutritional requirements