Abstract
Propagation behaviors of light in index-tunable photonic crystals were analyzed by calculating the directions of the group velocity of light in the photonic crystals. Simulation results reveal that the band structures of tunable photonic crystals are highly anisotropic and the equifrequency surface curves in the wave-vector space of photonic crystals can show acute variation corresponding to an index change when operation frequency and incident angle are carefully selected. In the case of a triangular system composed of ferroelectric background and circular airholes, “on/off” switching can be operated when operation frequency a/λ is 0.4205 and the incident angle falls into a window of 32°–49°. Light can deflect 40° when the operation frequency a/λ and incident angle are 0.5372 and 23°, respectively. Two types of optical switches based on the anisotropic characteristics of index-tunable photonic crystals are proposed, which will find great potential applications in optical communications.
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