Abstract

Intraspecific divergence of hexaploid wheat Triticum spelta was studied by C-banding method in 41 accessions of different geographic origins. The spelt accessions did not differ in karyotype structure or heterochromatin distribution from common wheat, but showed greater intraspecific polymorphism by chromosome rearrangements (translocations, inversions) and banding patterns. On evidence of C-banding patterns, spelt was assumed to occupy an intermediate position between tetraploid and hexaploid wheat species. Accessions of the Asian spelt subspecies had more diverse banding patterns than European accessions. A relatively high frequency of chromosome rearrangements was observed in Iranian accessions. Visual analysis revealed high uniformity of chromosome banding patterns in T. spelta populations of Afghanistan, Spain, and Germany (Bavarian group), suggesting a significant role of the founder effect in their evolution.

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