Analysis of internal defects in 3D braided composites based on ultrasonic C-scan technique

Abstract

Defects can form within 3D braided composites as a result of their special production processes, which can affect the mechanical performance of the composites. Thus, it is absolutely essential to test for and analyse different types of defect. This paper reports on the detection of specific artificial defects in 3D braided composites, assessed using an ultrasonic system with typical examination techniques for non-destructive testing (NDT) and employing an ultrasonic C-scan technique to identify the artificial defects. Eight types of artificial defect are embedded and detected in these 3D braided composites. The study shows that this ultrasonic C-scan technique is an effective tool for inspecting the state of failure of 3D braided composites.