Analysis of influencing factors on renal parenchymal elasticity in diabetic patients with hypertension

Abstract

Objective To investigate the factors affecting renal parenchymal elasticity in diabetic patients with hypertension. Methods According to the presence of diabetes and hypertension, 167 patients were divided into three groups: simple diabetes mellitus (DM) group, simple hypertension (HP) group and diabetes mellitus combined with hypertension (DM+ HP) group. Meanwhile, 50 healthy volunteers were selected as control group. The basic clinical data of subjects were collected, routine laboratory tests were detected, and virtual touch quantization (VTQ) was used to measure the left renal shear wave velocity (SWV). Then one-way ANOVA was used to analyze the measurement parameters among the above groups, and the relationship between SWV values and various factors was analyzed by multiple stepwise linear regression analysis. Results For SWV, there was significant difference among 4 groups. The SWV values in group DM+ HP were greater than that in group DM and group HP [(2.62±0.35) m/s vs (2.44±0.32) m/s, (2.62±0.35) m/s vs (2.49±0.27) m/s], the differences were statistically significant (t=-2.854, -2.198, all P<0.05). And all three patient groups had greater values of renal SWV than that of control group [(2.01±0.22) m/s], the differences were statistically significant (t=-7.854, -9.783, -10.787, all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that SWV had linear relationship with duration of diabetes, duration of hypertension, left renal parenchymal thickness, left renal artery blood flow resistance index (RI) and uric acid (standard regression coefficient b′=0.488, 0.159, -0.187, 0.151, 0.123, P<0.05, respectively). In details, SWV was positively correlated with duration of diabetes, duration of hypertension, left renal artery blood flow RI and uric acid, while negatively correlated with the left renal parenchymal thickness. Conclusions The main factors related to the elasticity of renal parenchyma were duration of diabetes, duration of hypertension, left renal parenchymal thickness, left renal artery blood flow RI and uric acid, which can be helpful for clinical prevention for renal parenchymal change in diabetic patients with hypertension. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Hypertension; Ultrasonography