Analysis Of Influencing Factors of Population Fertility Rate: A Case Study of China

Abstract

Population fertility rate is one of the essential indicators to study the population size and trend of a country or region, which is of great significance for the government to formulate population policies, plan social development and optimize the labor market. China's total fertility rate has shown a continuous decline since 2014, falling to 1.30 in 2020, reaching the lowest level in history. Based on the relevant data of the National Bureau of Statistics of China and some relevant literature, this paper analyzes the main factors affecting the fertility rate and their specific influencing mechanisms with China as an example. This paper examines the factors from the perspectives of population, macro economy, macro policy and fertility concept. This study also discusses the reasons for the continuous decline of the fertility rate in China since 2014. The analysis found that the gender ratio, education level, aging, economic development, youth unemployment rate, fertility costs, fertility policies, fertility concepts, and COVID-19 all have a certain degree of impact on China's fertility rate.