Abstract
The analysis demonstrated that biomass of Agaricus bisporus, Boletus badius, and Cantharellus cibarius contains non-hallucinogenic indole compounds. Addition of l-tryptophan to the in vitro cultures raised the total content of indole compounds. l-Tryptophan became metabolized, causing an increase of the concentration of some indole compounds. The compounds found in the tested biomass from in vitro culture on Oddoux medium without and with addition of l-tryptophan were l-tryptophan, 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan, serotonin, melatonin, tryptamine, and 5-methyltryptamine (ranged from 4.28 to 132.51 mg/100 g dry weight). l-Tryptophan is an amino acid exogenous to the human body, and therefore, it must be supplied to the body with food. The highest amount of 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan was found in the extracts from biomass of B. badius cultured on medium with addition of l-tryptophan (132.51 mg/100 g dry weight). Also, in this case, the highest total content of examined indole compounds (168.00 mg/100 g dry weight) was determined. Melatonin was found only in biomass of A. bisporus cultured on medium with addition of l-tryptophan but in smaller amount (4.28 mg/100 g dry weight).
Highlights
Wide variety of mushroom species, their morphological diversity, and rich chemical composition had drawn the attention of scientists searching the environment for new biologically active compounds
Conditions developed during the experiments for determination of extract components by thin-layer chromatography with densitometric detection at UV light range allow identification and simultaneous determination of 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, L-tryptophan, melatonin, serotonin, and 5-methyltryptamine in biological material
Both qualitative and quantitative analysis is possible for analysed substances, after an initial separation, according to developed procedure which is followed by extraction and purification of the extract by semi-preparative thin-layer chromatography
Summary
Addition of L-tryptophan to the in vitro cultures raised the total content of indole compounds. The compounds found in the tested biomass from in vitro culture on Oddoux medium without and with addition of L-tryptophan were L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, serotonin, melatonin, tryptamine, and 5-methyltryptamine (ranged from 4.28 to 132.51 mg/100 g dry weight). The highest amount of 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan was found in the extracts from biomass of B. badius cultured on medium with addition of L-tryptophan (132.51 mg/100 g dry weight). In this case, the highest total content of examined indole compounds (168.00 mg/100 g dry weight) was determined. Melatonin was found only in biomass of A. bisporus cultured on medium with addition of L-tryptophan but in smaller amount (4.28 mg/100 g dry weight)
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