Determination of indole compounds released from selected edible mushrooms and their biomass to artificial stomach juice

Abstract

The study consisted of experiments using edible mushroom species: Agaricus bisporus, Boletus badius and Cantharellus cibarius. As far as we know, there is no information about the release of indole compounds from mushrooms in the human body. The rate of the release of indole compounds was determined by HPLC method and on this basis it was possible to ascertain new important information about the safety and benefits of adding edible mushrooms to the diet. The experiments to verify the release of indole compounds in the artificial gastric juice were performed using the fruiting bodies of the studied species, and the corresponding mycelium obtained by in vitro culture. The highest levels of indole compounds concentration after extraction for 15, 30, 60 and 90 min were observed for in vitro cultures of the examined mushrooms. These concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 109 mg/100 g dry weight for serotonin and 5-OH-l-tryptophan, respectively. The dominant indole compound was 5-OH-l-tryptophan both in extracts derived from fruiting bodies and in mycelium collected from in vitro culture with the addition of zinc hydroaspartate (28–109 mg/100 g dry weight). Generally, the lower levels of the released compounds were found in extracts from the fruiting bodies.