Analysis of Impact of Use of Incident Thickness in Pregnant Woman in Area of Malaria (Gunung Raja Mentawe Village Districts of Tanah Bumbu South Borneo)

Abstract

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by parasites. Plasmodium that lives and breeds in human red blood cells. The disease is naturally transmitted through the female Anopheles mosquito bites. Transmission of malaria is similar to infectious disease transmission in general that is determined by factors called host (human and Anopheles mosquitoes), agent (parasite plasmodium) and environment (physical, chemical, biological and social). Malaria is a world health problem, especially for tropical countries and subtropics, the World Health Organization (WHO) says 40% or more than 2, 400 million people live in malaria endemic areas and estimates of prevalence between 300–500 million clinical cases each year, reported deaths of 1–1.5 million people per year. Malaria infection especially in pregnancy is very detrimental to the mother and fetus it contains, because this infection can increase the incidence of morbidity and mortality of mother and fetus. Complications of malaria in pregnant women such as anemia, hypoglycemia, cerebral malaria, pulmonary edema, placental infection, acute renal failure, puerperal sepsis and post partum bleeding, can even lead to death. The mortality rate of malaria in pregnant women with complication of hypogklikemia is 45–75%, whereas malaria of celebral have mortality 20–50%. South Kalimantan is among the top 10 provinces with the highest API. One of the districts in South Kalimantan that includes malaria endemic area is Tanah Bumbu Regency with an API of 7.4%. In Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu there are 2 sub-districts that are still malaria endemic namely Mentewe sub-district (API 12, 2%). Respondents from this study were pregnant women who used insecticide-treated bed nets. The results showed that the use of insecticide treated bed nets in pregnant women was influenced by the attitude of pregnant mother (sig.0, 033), while knowledge (sig 0, 614), body weight (sig.0, 163) and maternal anemia status (Sig 0, 362) against the use of mosquito nets