Prevalence and risk factors of malaria among pregnant women presenting at the antenatal clinic in Hoima Regional Referral Hospital

Abstract

Malaria, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Malaria infection during pregnancy is a significant public health problem with substantial risks for the pregnant woman, her fetus, and the newborn child. In Uganda, the overall burden of malaria is high, and its adverse outcomes for the infected mother and the unborn child are widespread. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of malaria in pregnancy and its associated factors among pregnant women presenting at the antenatal clinic in Hoima Regional Referral Hospital. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted. The study was conducted in the antenatal clinic of Hoima Regional Referral Hospital, in the Hoima district of Western Uganda from from February 2022 to April 2022. A sample size of 204 was used. Data was coded and entered into IBM SPSS version 25. Data was then analyzed and the Chi-square test and logistic regression were done to find the associated factors of malaria in pregnancy at a 95% confidence interval. Results shows that the prevalence of malaria in pregnant women attending Hoima Regional Referral Hospital was 17.6%. This study showed that pregnant women remain particularly vulnerable to malaria and that the prevalence of malaria in pregnant women attending Hoima Regional Referral Hospital is high. Therefore, seminars and media education programmes should be started or put in place to educate women on the risk of malaria during pregnancy. Girl child education should be promoted by the government, as educated women are associated with a lower of malaria during pregnancy. Keywords: Malaria, Anopheles mosquitoes, Plasmodium falciparum, Pregnant women